LeishMANIAdb
  • Home
  • Browse
  • Manual
  • FAQ
  • Download

Putative ATP-dependent RNA helicase

Quick info Localization Expansion Sequence features Structure Function Putative motif mimicry Homologs Download

Quick info

Protein:
Putative ATP-dependent RNA helicase
Gene product:
ATP-dependent RNA helicase, putative
Species:
Leishmania major
UniProt:
Q4Q8D5_LEIMA
TriTrypDb:
LmjF.28.1310 * , LMJLV39_280020300 * , LMJSD75_280019900 *
Length:
900

Localization

Secreted promastigote
Source Evidence on protein Close homologs
Cuervo et al. no yes: 0
Hassani et al. no yes: 0
Forrest at al. (metacyclic) no yes: 0
Forrest at al. (procyclic) no yes: 0
Silverman et al. no yes: 0
Pissara et al. no yes: 0
Secreted amastigote
Source Evidence on protein Close homologs
Pires et al. no yes: 0
Exosome
Source Evidence on protein Close homologs
Silverman et al. no yes: 0
Glycosome
Source Evidence on protein Close homologs
Jamdhade et al. no yes: 0
Predictions
Source Evidence on protein Close homologs
DeepLoc
SignalP6 no yes: 1, no: 10
NetGPI no yes: 0, no: 11
Cellular components
Term Name Level Count
GO:0005634 nucleus 5 2
GO:0005730 nucleolus 5 2
GO:0043226 organelle 2 2
GO:0043227 membrane-bounded organelle 3 2
GO:0043228 non-membrane-bounded organelle 3 2
GO:0043229 intracellular organelle 3 2
GO:0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle 4 2
GO:0043232 intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle 4 2
GO:0110165 cellular anatomical entity 1 2

Expansion

Sequence features

Q4Q8D5
Sequence
MSA
Disorder
Secondary
Topology
Domains
SignalP
GPI
Phosphorylations
ELMs

Structure

Predicted structure by AlphaFold2

Related structures:

AlphaFold database: Q4Q8D5

Function

Biological processes
Term Name Level Count
GO:0006139 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process 3 2
GO:0006364 rRNA processing 8 2
GO:0006396 RNA processing 6 2
GO:0006725 cellular aromatic compound metabolic process 3 2
GO:0006807 nitrogen compound metabolic process 2 2
GO:0008152 metabolic process 1 2
GO:0009987 cellular process 1 2
GO:0016070 RNA metabolic process 5 2
GO:0016072 rRNA metabolic process 7 2
GO:0034470 ncRNA processing 7 2
GO:0034641 cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process 3 2
GO:0034660 ncRNA metabolic process 6 2
GO:0043170 macromolecule metabolic process 3 2
GO:0044237 cellular metabolic process 2 2
GO:0044238 primary metabolic process 2 2
GO:0046483 heterocycle metabolic process 3 2
GO:0071704 organic substance metabolic process 2 2
GO:0090304 nucleic acid metabolic process 4 2
GO:1901360 organic cyclic compound metabolic process 3 2
Molecular functions
Term Name Level Count
GO:0000166 nucleotide binding 3 12
GO:0003676 nucleic acid binding 3 12
GO:0003723 RNA binding 4 12
GO:0003824 catalytic activity 1 12
GO:0004386 helicase activity 2 12
GO:0005488 binding 1 12
GO:0005524 ATP binding 5 12
GO:0017076 purine nucleotide binding 4 12
GO:0030554 adenyl nucleotide binding 5 12
GO:0032553 ribonucleotide binding 3 12
GO:0032555 purine ribonucleotide binding 4 12
GO:0032559 adenyl ribonucleotide binding 5 12
GO:0035639 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding 4 12
GO:0036094 small molecule binding 2 12
GO:0043167 ion binding 2 12
GO:0043168 anion binding 3 12
GO:0097159 organic cyclic compound binding 2 12
GO:0097367 carbohydrate derivative binding 2 12
GO:0140640 catalytic activity, acting on a nucleic acid 2 12
GO:0140657 ATP-dependent activity 1 12
GO:1901265 nucleoside phosphate binding 3 12
GO:1901363 heterocyclic compound binding 2 12
GO:0003724 RNA helicase activity 3 10
GO:0003743 translation initiation factor activity 4 10
GO:0008135 translation factor activity, RNA binding 3 10
GO:0008186 ATP-dependent activity, acting on RNA 2 10
GO:0016787 hydrolase activity 2 10
GO:0045182 translation regulator activity 1 10
GO:0090079 translation regulator activity, nucleic acid binding 2 10
GO:0140098 catalytic activity, acting on RNA 3 10

Putative motif mimicry

Leishmania From To Domain/Motif Score
CLV_C14_Caspase3-7 581 585 PF00656 0.654
CLV_C14_Caspase3-7 586 590 PF00656 0.598
CLV_C14_Caspase3-7 674 678 PF00656 0.497
CLV_C14_Caspase3-7 811 815 PF00656 0.635
CLV_C14_Caspase3-7 879 883 PF00656 0.624
CLV_NRD_NRD_1 12 14 PF00675 0.408
CLV_NRD_NRD_1 184 186 PF00675 0.223
CLV_NRD_NRD_1 355 357 PF00675 0.207
CLV_NRD_NRD_1 547 549 PF00675 0.519
CLV_NRD_NRD_1 643 645 PF00675 0.507
CLV_NRD_NRD_1 763 765 PF00675 0.441
CLV_NRD_NRD_1 766 768 PF00675 0.447
CLV_NRD_NRD_1 775 777 PF00675 0.484
CLV_NRD_NRD_1 858 860 PF00675 0.598
CLV_PCSK_FUR_1 764 768 PF00082 0.474
CLV_PCSK_KEX2_1 12 14 PF00082 0.395
CLV_PCSK_KEX2_1 186 188 PF00082 0.209
CLV_PCSK_KEX2_1 309 311 PF00082 0.207
CLV_PCSK_KEX2_1 355 357 PF00082 0.207
CLV_PCSK_KEX2_1 642 644 PF00082 0.501
CLV_PCSK_KEX2_1 763 765 PF00082 0.447
CLV_PCSK_KEX2_1 766 768 PF00082 0.455
CLV_PCSK_KEX2_1 860 862 PF00082 0.567
CLV_PCSK_KEX2_1 894 896 PF00082 0.711
CLV_PCSK_PC1ET2_1 186 188 PF00082 0.207
CLV_PCSK_PC1ET2_1 309 311 PF00082 0.207
CLV_PCSK_PC1ET2_1 642 644 PF00082 0.501
CLV_PCSK_PC1ET2_1 860 862 PF00082 0.591
CLV_PCSK_PC1ET2_1 894 896 PF00082 0.691
CLV_PCSK_SKI1_1 12 16 PF00082 0.406
CLV_PCSK_SKI1_1 167 171 PF00082 0.310
CLV_PCSK_SKI1_1 335 339 PF00082 0.207
CLV_PCSK_SKI1_1 485 489 PF00082 0.244
CLV_PCSK_SKI1_1 49 53 PF00082 0.383
CLV_PCSK_SKI1_1 518 522 PF00082 0.464
CLV_PCSK_SKI1_1 572 576 PF00082 0.585
CLV_PCSK_SKI1_1 662 666 PF00082 0.678
CLV_PCSK_SKI1_1 826 830 PF00082 0.556
DEG_APCC_DBOX_1 184 192 PF00400 0.422
DEG_Nend_UBRbox_1 1 4 PF02207 0.634
DEG_SCF_FBW7_1 419 426 PF00400 0.311
DEG_SPOP_SBC_1 60 64 PF00917 0.581
DOC_CKS1_1 195 200 PF01111 0.407
DOC_CKS1_1 420 425 PF01111 0.300
DOC_CKS1_1 91 96 PF01111 0.391
DOC_CYCLIN_yCln2_LP_2 381 387 PF00134 0.407
DOC_CYCLIN_yCln2_LP_2 502 508 PF00134 0.272
DOC_MAPK_gen_1 133 142 PF00069 0.442
DOC_MAPK_gen_1 185 193 PF00069 0.407
DOC_MAPK_gen_1 299 307 PF00069 0.244
DOC_MAPK_gen_1 338 347 PF00069 0.415
DOC_MAPK_gen_1 352 361 PF00069 0.389
DOC_MAPK_gen_1 365 372 PF00069 0.407
DOC_MAPK_gen_1 655 665 PF00069 0.465
DOC_MAPK_MEF2A_6 186 195 PF00069 0.407
DOC_MAPK_MEF2A_6 355 363 PF00069 0.418
DOC_MAPK_MEF2A_6 97 104 PF00069 0.510
DOC_MAPK_NFAT4_5 97 105 PF00069 0.510
DOC_PP1_RVXF_1 117 124 PF00149 0.407
DOC_PP1_RVXF_1 313 320 PF00149 0.407
DOC_PP1_RVXF_1 377 384 PF00149 0.407
DOC_PP1_RVXF_1 475 482 PF00149 0.244
DOC_PP1_RVXF_1 660 666 PF00149 0.619
DOC_PP2B_LxvP_1 502 505 PF13499 0.270
DOC_PP4_FxxP_1 123 126 PF00568 0.407
DOC_PP4_FxxP_1 420 423 PF00568 0.292
DOC_USP7_MATH_1 235 239 PF00917 0.462
DOC_USP7_MATH_1 264 268 PF00917 0.362
DOC_USP7_MATH_1 508 512 PF00917 0.304
DOC_USP7_MATH_1 60 64 PF00917 0.648
DOC_USP7_MATH_1 604 608 PF00917 0.690
DOC_USP7_MATH_1 611 615 PF00917 0.737
DOC_USP7_MATH_1 691 695 PF00917 0.640
DOC_USP7_MATH_1 794 798 PF00917 0.634
DOC_USP7_UBL2_3 15 19 PF12436 0.574
DOC_USP7_UBL2_3 335 339 PF12436 0.418
DOC_WW_Pin1_4 145 150 PF00397 0.407
DOC_WW_Pin1_4 194 199 PF00397 0.429
DOC_WW_Pin1_4 281 286 PF00397 0.370
DOC_WW_Pin1_4 419 424 PF00397 0.299
DOC_WW_Pin1_4 885 890 PF00397 0.597
DOC_WW_Pin1_4 90 95 PF00397 0.367
LIG_14-3-3_CanoR_1 135 142 PF00244 0.442
LIG_14-3-3_CanoR_1 247 251 PF00244 0.407
LIG_14-3-3_CanoR_1 272 279 PF00244 0.485
LIG_14-3-3_CanoR_1 365 372 PF00244 0.474
LIG_14-3-3_CanoR_1 414 419 PF00244 0.311
LIG_14-3-3_CanoR_1 776 781 PF00244 0.528
LIG_14-3-3_CanoR_1 863 869 PF00244 0.610
LIG_Actin_WH2_2 425 442 PF00022 0.319
LIG_APCC_ABBAyCdc20_2 572 578 PF00400 0.525
LIG_APCC_ABBAyCdc20_2 832 838 PF00400 0.591
LIG_BIR_III_4 677 681 PF00653 0.502
LIG_BRCT_BRCA1_1 248 252 PF00533 0.462
LIG_BRCT_BRCA1_1 416 420 PF00533 0.294
LIG_BRCT_BRCA1_1 477 481 PF00533 0.244
LIG_Clathr_ClatBox_1 218 222 PF01394 0.450
LIG_DLG_GKlike_1 414 421 PF00625 0.305
LIG_EH1_1 157 165 PF00400 0.418
LIG_EH1_1 188 196 PF00400 0.474
LIG_FAT_LD_1 301 309 PF03623 0.407
LIG_FHA_1 148 154 PF00498 0.423
LIG_FHA_1 235 241 PF00498 0.474
LIG_FHA_1 255 261 PF00498 0.315
LIG_FHA_1 274 280 PF00498 0.502
LIG_FHA_1 424 430 PF00498 0.332
LIG_FHA_1 739 745 PF00498 0.629
LIG_FHA_1 819 825 PF00498 0.609
LIG_FHA_1 97 103 PF00498 0.451
LIG_FHA_2 420 426 PF00498 0.303
LIG_FHA_2 545 551 PF00498 0.514
LIG_FHA_2 60 66 PF00498 0.660
LIG_FHA_2 628 634 PF00498 0.521
LIG_FHA_2 777 783 PF00498 0.532
LIG_FHA_2 839 845 PF00498 0.681
LIG_GBD_Chelix_1 153 161 PF00786 0.207
LIG_GBD_Chelix_1 293 301 PF00786 0.303
LIG_HCF-1_HBM_1 65 68 PF13415 0.522
LIG_Integrin_RGD_1 582 584 PF01839 0.658
LIG_IRF3_LxIS_1 71 77 PF10401 0.484
LIG_LIR_Apic_2 120 126 PF02991 0.407
LIG_LIR_Apic_2 417 423 PF02991 0.301
LIG_LIR_Gen_1 454 464 PF02991 0.314
LIG_LIR_Gen_1 65 76 PF02991 0.397
LIG_LIR_Nem_3 357 363 PF02991 0.407
LIG_LIR_Nem_3 382 386 PF02991 0.407
LIG_LIR_Nem_3 454 459 PF02991 0.311
LIG_LIR_Nem_3 65 71 PF02991 0.425
LIG_LIR_Nem_3 867 871 PF02991 0.692
LIG_MAD2 335 343 PF02301 0.418
LIG_MLH1_MIPbox_1 477 481 PF16413 0.259
LIG_NRBOX 300 306 PF00104 0.407
LIG_NRP_CendR_1 897 900 PF00754 0.657
LIG_Pex14_1 388 392 PF04695 0.407
LIG_PTB_Apo_2 267 274 PF02174 0.384
LIG_PTB_Phospho_1 267 273 PF10480 0.387
LIG_SH2_CRK 89 93 PF00017 0.418
LIG_SH2_NCK_1 392 396 PF00017 0.432
LIG_SH2_SRC 242 245 PF00017 0.510
LIG_SH2_SRC 431 434 PF00017 0.498
LIG_SH2_SRC 809 812 PF00017 0.612
LIG_SH2_STAP1 809 813 PF00017 0.555
LIG_SH2_STAT3 466 469 PF00017 0.244
LIG_SH2_STAT5 242 245 PF00017 0.511
LIG_SH2_STAT5 273 276 PF00017 0.404
LIG_SH2_STAT5 401 404 PF00017 0.407
LIG_SH2_STAT5 431 434 PF00017 0.498
LIG_SH2_STAT5 475 478 PF00017 0.244
LIG_SH2_STAT5 480 483 PF00017 0.244
LIG_SH2_STAT5 89 92 PF00017 0.515
LIG_SH3_2 889 894 PF14604 0.579
LIG_SH3_3 192 198 PF00018 0.445
LIG_SH3_3 502 508 PF00018 0.272
LIG_SH3_3 883 889 PF00018 0.665
LIG_TRAF2_1 33 36 PF00917 0.535
LIG_TRAF2_1 451 454 PF00917 0.441
LIG_TRAF2_1 630 633 PF00917 0.624
LIG_TRAF2_1 672 675 PF00917 0.618
LIG_TRAF2_1 701 704 PF00917 0.616
LIG_TYR_ITIM 164 169 PF00017 0.304
LIG_UBA3_1 262 269 PF00899 0.497
LIG_UBA3_1 304 309 PF00899 0.244
LIG_UBA3_1 428 435 PF00899 0.345
LIG_WRC_WIRS_1 360 365 PF05994 0.259
MOD_CDC14_SPxK_1 148 151 PF00782 0.244
MOD_CDK_SPK_2 419 424 PF00069 0.359
MOD_CDK_SPxK_1 145 151 PF00069 0.244
MOD_CDK_SPxK_1 194 200 PF00069 0.244
MOD_CDK_SPxxK_3 90 97 PF00069 0.387
MOD_CK1_1 117 123 PF00069 0.244
MOD_CK1_1 30 36 PF00069 0.447
MOD_CK1_1 397 403 PF00069 0.244
MOD_CK1_1 544 550 PF00069 0.592
MOD_CK1_1 69 75 PF00069 0.407
MOD_CK1_1 694 700 PF00069 0.717
MOD_CK1_1 77 83 PF00069 0.309
MOD_CK1_1 775 781 PF00069 0.529
MOD_CK1_1 820 826 PF00069 0.550
MOD_CK2_1 30 36 PF00069 0.421
MOD_CK2_1 419 425 PF00069 0.296
MOD_CK2_1 448 454 PF00069 0.483
MOD_CK2_1 544 550 PF00069 0.516
MOD_CK2_1 59 65 PF00069 0.582
MOD_CK2_1 627 633 PF00069 0.511
MOD_CK2_1 669 675 PF00069 0.660
MOD_CK2_1 776 782 PF00069 0.504
MOD_CK2_1 813 819 PF00069 0.702
MOD_GlcNHglycan 116 119 PF01048 0.266
MOD_GlcNHglycan 170 173 PF01048 0.261
MOD_GlcNHglycan 252 255 PF01048 0.256
MOD_GlcNHglycan 367 370 PF01048 0.356
MOD_GlcNHglycan 396 399 PF01048 0.249
MOD_GlcNHglycan 518 521 PF01048 0.603
MOD_GlcNHglycan 536 539 PF01048 0.648
MOD_GlcNHglycan 586 589 PF01048 0.751
MOD_GlcNHglycan 606 609 PF01048 0.651
MOD_GlcNHglycan 613 616 PF01048 0.737
MOD_GlcNHglycan 684 687 PF01048 0.700
MOD_GlcNHglycan 781 785 PF01048 0.548
MOD_GlcNHglycan 788 791 PF01048 0.612
MOD_GlcNHglycan 802 807 PF01048 0.734
MOD_GlcNHglycan 855 858 PF01048 0.613
MOD_GSK3_1 246 253 PF00069 0.259
MOD_GSK3_1 273 280 PF00069 0.424
MOD_GSK3_1 341 348 PF00069 0.312
MOD_GSK3_1 371 378 PF00069 0.406
MOD_GSK3_1 419 426 PF00069 0.311
MOD_GSK3_1 578 585 PF00069 0.598
MOD_GSK3_1 772 779 PF00069 0.507
MOD_GSK3_1 780 787 PF00069 0.524
MOD_GSK3_1 813 820 PF00069 0.602
MOD_GSK3_1 834 841 PF00069 0.660
MOD_GSK3_1 847 854 PF00069 0.616
MOD_N-GLC_1 60 65 PF02516 0.642
MOD_N-GLC_1 704 709 PF02516 0.569
MOD_N-GLC_1 864 869 PF02516 0.694
MOD_N-GLC_1 876 881 PF02516 0.669
MOD_NEK2_1 250 255 PF00069 0.258
MOD_NEK2_1 319 324 PF00069 0.244
MOD_NEK2_1 331 336 PF00069 0.244
MOD_NEK2_1 345 350 PF00069 0.228
MOD_NEK2_1 448 453 PF00069 0.339
MOD_NEK2_1 498 503 PF00069 0.252
MOD_NEK2_1 516 521 PF00069 0.448
MOD_NEK2_1 740 745 PF00069 0.433
MOD_NEK2_1 851 856 PF00069 0.544
MOD_NEK2_1 893 898 PF00069 0.682
MOD_NEK2_2 264 269 PF00069 0.369
MOD_NEK2_2 475 480 PF00069 0.259
MOD_PIKK_1 252 258 PF00454 0.252
MOD_PIKK_1 273 279 PF00454 0.534
MOD_PIKK_1 449 455 PF00454 0.431
MOD_PIKK_1 74 80 PF00454 0.331
MOD_PKA_1 776 782 PF00069 0.547
MOD_PKA_1 859 865 PF00069 0.617
MOD_PKA_2 134 140 PF00069 0.322
MOD_PKA_2 246 252 PF00069 0.254
MOD_PKA_2 772 778 PF00069 0.530
MOD_PKB_1 133 141 PF00069 0.175
MOD_Plk_1 704 710 PF00069 0.660
MOD_Plk_1 847 853 PF00069 0.722
MOD_Plk_1 864 870 PF00069 0.542
MOD_Plk_2-3 589 595 PF00069 0.556
MOD_Plk_2-3 669 675 PF00069 0.698
MOD_Plk_2-3 727 733 PF00069 0.652
MOD_Plk_2-3 834 840 PF00069 0.590
MOD_Plk_2-3 876 882 PF00069 0.689
MOD_Plk_4 235 241 PF00069 0.313
MOD_Plk_4 246 252 PF00069 0.188
MOD_Plk_4 397 403 PF00069 0.244
MOD_Plk_4 414 420 PF00069 0.292
MOD_Plk_4 427 433 PF00069 0.311
MOD_Plk_4 616 622 PF00069 0.620
MOD_Plk_4 87 93 PF00069 0.398
MOD_ProDKin_1 145 151 PF00069 0.244
MOD_ProDKin_1 194 200 PF00069 0.274
MOD_ProDKin_1 281 287 PF00069 0.365
MOD_ProDKin_1 419 425 PF00069 0.296
MOD_ProDKin_1 885 891 PF00069 0.591
MOD_ProDKin_1 90 96 PF00069 0.251
MOD_SUMO_for_1 464 467 PF00179 0.259
MOD_SUMO_for_1 599 602 PF00179 0.579
MOD_SUMO_rev_2 180 188 PF00179 0.244
MOD_SUMO_rev_2 46 54 PF00179 0.471
TRG_DiLeu_BaEn_1 223 228 PF01217 0.244
TRG_DiLeu_BaEn_4 183 189 PF01217 0.259
TRG_DiLeu_BaEn_4 35 41 PF01217 0.517
TRG_DiLeu_BaEn_4 846 852 PF01217 0.502
TRG_DiLeu_BaLyEn_6 823 828 PF01217 0.584
TRG_DiLeu_LyEn_5 223 228 PF01217 0.244
TRG_ENDOCYTIC_2 166 169 PF00928 0.304
TRG_ENDOCYTIC_2 559 562 PF00928 0.483
TRG_ENDOCYTIC_2 68 71 PF00928 0.391
TRG_ENDOCYTIC_2 868 871 PF00928 0.698
TRG_ENDOCYTIC_2 89 92 PF00928 0.372
TRG_ER_diArg_1 11 13 PF00400 0.413
TRG_ER_diArg_1 185 188 PF00400 0.262
TRG_ER_diArg_1 354 356 PF00400 0.244
TRG_ER_diArg_1 652 655 PF00400 0.447
TRG_ER_diArg_1 718 721 PF00400 0.623
TRG_ER_diArg_1 762 764 PF00400 0.482
TRG_ER_diArg_1 765 767 PF00400 0.438
TRG_ER_diArg_1 897 900 PF00400 0.795
TRG_NLS_MonoCore_2 641 646 PF00514 0.578
TRG_NLS_MonoExtC_3 759 764 PF00514 0.471
TRG_NLS_MonoExtC_3 858 863 PF00514 0.689
TRG_NLS_MonoExtN_4 335 342 PF00514 0.259
TRG_NLS_MonoExtN_4 640 646 PF00514 0.488
TRG_NLS_MonoExtN_4 758 764 PF00514 0.473
TRG_NLS_MonoExtN_4 859 864 PF00514 0.584
TRG_NLS_MonoExtN_4 891 898 PF00514 0.689
TRG_Pf-PMV_PEXEL_1 151 156 PF00026 0.244
TRG_Pf-PMV_PEXEL_1 49 53 PF00026 0.519
TRG_Pf-PMV_PEXEL_1 644 648 PF00026 0.582
TRG_Pf-PMV_PEXEL_1 766 771 PF00026 0.502

Homologs

Protein Taxonomy Sequence identity Coverage
A0A0N0P7J1 Leptomonas seymouri 73% 100%
A0A0S4JDX4 Bodo saltans 55% 100%
A0A1X0P3K1 Trypanosomatidae 53% 96%
A0A3S7X1H1 Leishmania donovani 94% 100%
A0A422NYB4 Trypanosoma rangeli 58% 100%
A4HGH8 Leishmania braziliensis 85% 100%
A4HP48 Leishmania braziliensis 39% 100%
A4I3L0 Leishmania infantum 94% 100%
C9ZPV9 Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (strain MHOM/CI/86/DAL972) 59% 100%
E9AZV0 Leishmania mexicana (strain MHOM/GT/2001/U1103) 90% 100%
Q0UMB9 Phaeosphaeria nodorum (strain SN15 / ATCC MYA-4574 / FGSC 10173) 39% 100%
Q9H8H2 Homo sapiens 30% 100%
V5DAZ9 Trypanosoma cruzi 60% 95%

Download

Download
LeishMANIAdb - Server version: v0.0.2. - Database version: v0.0.1. - ChangeLog - © 2022-2025 Protein Bioinformatics Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, RCNS